Hi Beebs,
it is great that you will join me. I often feel alone in the jungle:-)
In the following part I want to focus on the mechanisms/substances, which are able to activate the kynurenine pathway from tryptophan, in which the quinolinic acid is produced. It would be great, if we can gather more informations on this special subject.
Now let us start:
The quinolinic is a part of the body's way of defend invaders. Therefore it can be found when the immune system is activated. Within the brain, quinolinic acid is only produced by activated microglia and macrophages
(5-HT is another "name" for serotonin)
In the article from Huengsberg is mentioned that INF-gamma is able to stimulate this pathway. If you look at fig.1 at Pall’s page
thetenthparadigm.org/you can see that INF is an element of the NO ONOO cycle.
If there is oxidative stress and/or a huge influx of Ca into the cell, NF-kappa B rises and as a consequence IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha and INF- gamma are produced.
If TRPVs receptors are stimulated, they release SP (substance pain), CGRP and NKA.
We should look, if we can find informations, if quinolones release these cytokines, too. Then we may have a connection that the quinolones start the circle and because so many inflammations are caused through it, the cycle through the QA continues, especially after exposures or if we have an infection...
References:
Hideki Miura 1†, Norio Ozaki 1, Makoto Sawada 2, Kenichi Isobe 3, Tatsuro Ohta 4 and Toshiharu Nagatsu
A link between stress and depression: Shifts in the balance between the kynurenine and serotonin pathways of tryptophan metabolism and the etiology and pathophysiology of depression
Stress: The International Journal on the Biology of Stress
2008, Vol. 11, No. 3, Pages 198-209 , DOI 10.1080/10253890701754068
informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10253890701754068Mia Huengsberg1,a, John B. Winer2, Mark Gompels3, Rachel Round1, Jonathan Ross1, and Mohsen Shahmanesh1
Serum kynurenine-to-tryptophan ratio increases with progressive disease in HIV-infected patients
Clinical Chemistry 44: 858-862, 1998
www.clinchem.org/cgi/content/full/44/4/858Bellina Veronesi*,1 and Marga Oortgiesen
The TRPV1 Receptor: Target of Toxicants and Therapeutics
Toxicological Sciences 2006 89(1):1-3; doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfj034
toxsci.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/89/1/1