Post by Admin on Jan 25, 2016 18:09:52 GMT -5
Intermittent fasting benefits include neuroprotective,
renegeration of dysfunctional cells, diabetes, heart disease, cancer,
immune system, activation of SIRT1 (linked to lonevity, around 2008
resveratrol was being pushed because of its link to SIRT1), protects cells
against harmful agents (cytoprotective), DNA repair through limitations of glycation
of some enzymes (damage), limits damage of free radicals, oxidization and glycation, anti aging,
and longevity.
Easy to read article, and references:
www.intermittentfaster.com/intermittent-fasting-science/
Anson, R. M., Guo, Z., de Cabo, R., Iyun, T., Rios, M., Hagepanos, A., . . . Mattson, M. P. (2003). Intermittent fasting dissociates beneficial effects of dietary restriction on glucose metabolism and neuronal resistance to injury from calorie intake. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 100(10), 6216-6220. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1035720100
Barzilai, N., & Gupta, G. (1999). Revisiting the Role of Fat Mass in the Life Extension Induced by Caloric Restriction. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 54(3), B89-B96. doi: 10.1093/gerona/54.3.B89
Bordone, L., & Guarente, L. (2005). Calorie restriction, SIRT1 and metabolism: understanding longevity. [10.1038/nrm1616]. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, 6(4), 298-305.
Brask, J., Kristensson, K., & Hill, R. H. (2004). Exposure to interferon-γ during synaptogenesis increases inhibitory activity after a latent period in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. European Journal of Neuroscience, 19(12), 3193-3201. doi: 10.1111/j.0953-816X.2004.03445.x
Cefalu, W. T., Bell-Farrow, A. D., Wang, Z. Q., Sonntag, W. E., Fu, M. X., Baynes, J. W., & Thorpe, S. R. (1995). Caloric restriction decreases age-dependent accumulation of the glycoxidation products, N epsilon-(carboxymethyl)lysine and pentosidine, in rat skin collagen. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 50(6), B337-341.
Cefalu, W. T., Wagner, J. D., Wang, Z. Q., Bell-Farrow, A. D., Collins, J., Haskell, D., . . . Morgan, T. (1997). A study of caloric restriction and cardiovascular aging in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis): a potential model for aging research. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 52(1), B10-19.
Cohen, H. Y., Miller, C., Bitterman, K. J., Wall, N. R., Hekking, B., Kessler, B., . . . Sinclair, D. A. (2004). Calorie Restriction Promotes Mammalian Cell Survival by Inducing the SIRT1 Deacetylase. Science, 305(5682), 390-392. doi: 10.1126/science.1099196
Colman, R. J., Anderson, R. M., Johnson, S. C., Kastman, E. K., Kosmatka, K. J., Beasley, T. M., . . . Weindruch, R. (2009). Caloric Restriction Delays Disease Onset and Mortality in Rhesus Monkeys. Science, 325(5937), 201-204. doi: 10.1126/science.1173635
Combs, T. P., Berg, A. H., Rajala, M. W., Klebanov, S., Iyengar, P., Jimenez-Chillaron, J. C., . . . Scherer, P. E. (2003). Sexual Differentiation, Pregnancy, Calorie Restriction, and Aging Affect the Adipocyte-Specific Secretory Protein Adiponectin. Diabetes, 52(2), 268-276. doi: 10.2337/diabetes.52.2.268
Culmsee, C., Monnig, J., Kemp, B., & Mattson, M. (2001). AMP-activated protein kinase is highly expressed in neurons in the developing rat brain and promotes neuronal survival following glucose deprivation. Journal of Molecular Neuroscience, 17(1), 45-58. doi: 10.1385/jmn:17:1:45
Dunn, S. E., Kari, F. W., French, J., Leininger, J. R., Travlos, G., Wilson, R., & Barrett, J. C. (1997). Dietary restriction reduces insulin-like growth factor I levels, which modulates apoptosis, cell proliferation, and tumor progression in p53-deficient mice. Cancer Res, 57(21), 4667-4672.
Feinstein, R., Kanety, H., Papa, M. Z., Lunenfeld, B., & Karasik, A. (1993). Tumor necrosis factor-alpha suppresses insulin-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor and its substrates. J Biol Chem, 268(35), 26055-26058.
Fontana, L., Meyer, T. E., Klein, S., & Holloszy, J. O. (2004). Long-term calorie restriction is highly effective in reducing the risk for atherosclerosis in humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 101(17), 6659-6663. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0308291101
Haigis, M. C., & Guarente, L. P. (2006). Mammalian sirtuins–emerging roles in physiology, aging, and calorie restriction. Genes Dev, 20(21), 2913-2921. doi: 10.1101/gad.1467506
Hall, G. a. (2010). Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology (12 ed.).
Kaeberlein, M., McVey, M., & Guarente, L. (1999). The SIR2/3/4 complex and SIR2 alone promote longevity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by two different mechanisms. Genes Dev, 13(19), 2570-2580.
Kashiwaya, Y., Takeshima, T., Mori, N., Nakashima, K., Clarke, K., & Veech, R. L. (2000). d-β-Hydroxybutyrate protects neurons in models of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 97(10), 5440-5444. doi: 10.1073/pnas.97.10.5440
Kayo, T., Allison, D. B., Weindruch, R., & Prolla, T. A. (2001). Influences of aging and caloric restriction on the transcriptional profile of skeletal muscle from rhesus monkeys. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 98(9), 5093-5098.
Kim, H.-J., Kim, K.-W., Yu, B.-P., & Chung, H.-Y. (2000). The effect of age on cyclooxygenase-2 gene expression: NF-κB activation and IκBα degradation. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 28(5), 683-692. doi: dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(99)00274-9
Kops, G. J. P. L., Dansen, T. B., Polderman, P. E., Saarloos, I., Wirtz, K. W. A., Coffer, P. J., . . . Burgering, B. M. T. (2002). Forkhead transcription factor FOXO3a protects quiescent cells from oxidative stress. Nature, 419, 316-321.
Lane, M. A., Ball, S. S., Ingram, D. K., Cutler, R. G., Engel, J., Read, V., & Roth, G. S. (1995). Diet restriction in rhesus monkeys lowers fasting and glucose-stimulated glucoregulatory end points. Am J Physiol, 268(5 Pt 1), E941-948.
Lee, C.-K., Weindruch, R., & Prolla, T. A. (2000). Gene-expression profile of the ageing brain in mice. [10.1038/77046]. Nat Genet, 25(3), 294-297.
Lee, J., Herman, J. P., & Mattson, M. P. (2000). Dietary Restriction Selectively Decreases Glucocorticoid Receptor Expression in the Hippocampus and Cerebral Cortex of Rats. Experimental Neurology, 166(2), 435-441. doi: dx.doi.org/10.1006/exnr.2000.7512
Lee, J., Kim, S. J., Son, T. G., Chan, S. L., & Mattson, M. P. (2006). Interferon-γ is up-regulated in the hippocampus in response to intermittent fasting and protects hippocampal neurons against excitotoxicity. Journal of Neuroscience Research, 83(8), 1552-1557. doi: 10.1002/jnr.20831
Lin, S.-J., Defossez, P.-A., & Guarente, L. (2000). Requirement of NAD and SIR2 for Life-Span Extension by Calorie Restriction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Science, 289(5487), 2126-2128. doi: 10.1126/science.289.5487.2126
Lin, S. J., Kaeberlein, M., Andalis, A. A., Sturtz, L. A., Defossez, P. A., Culotta, V. C., . . . Guarente, L. (2002). Calorie restriction extends Saccharomyces cerevisiae lifespan by increasing respiration. Nature, 418(6895), 344-348.
Martin, B., Mattson, M. P., & Maudsley, S. (2006). Caloric restriction and intermittent fasting: Two potential diets for successful brain aging. Ageing Research Reviews, 5(3), 332-353. doi: dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2006.04.002
Mascarucci, P., Taub, D., Saccani, S., Paloma, M. A., Dawson, H., Roth, G. S., . . . Ingram, D. K. (2002). Cytokine responses in young and old rhesus monkeys: effect of caloric restriction. J Interferon Cytokine Res, 22(5), 565-571. doi: 10.1089/10799900252982043
Mattison, J. A., Lane, M. A., Roth, G. S., & Ingram, D. K. (2003). Calorie restriction in rhesus monkeys. Experimental gerontology, 38(1-2), 35-46.
Meier, U., & Gressner, A. M. (2004). Endocrine Regulation of Energy Metabolism: Review of Pathobiochemical and Clinical Chemical Aspects of Leptin, Ghrelin, Adiponectin, and Resistin. Clinical Chemistry, 50(9), 1511-1525. doi: 10.1373/clinchem.2004.032482
Metoyer, C. F., & Pruitt, K. (2008). The role of sirtuin proteins in obesity. Pathophysiology, 15(2), 103-108. doi: dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pathophys.2008.04.002
Naik, G. (2012, August 30 2012). Big Calorie Cuts Don’t Equal Longer Life, Study Suggests, The Wall Street Journal.
Nakae, J., Kitamura, T., Silver, D. L., & Accili, D. (2001). The forkhead transcription factor Foxo1 (Fkhr) confers insulin sensitivity onto glucose-6-phosphatase expression. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 108(9), 1359-1378.
Nemoto, S., Fergusson, M. M., & Finkel, T. (2004). Nutrient Availability Regulates SIRT1 Through a Forkhead-Dependent Pathway. Science, 306(5704), 2105-2108. doi: 10.1126/science.1101731
Pajvani, U., & Scherer, P. (2003). Adiponectin: Systemic contributor to insulin sensitivity. Current Diabetes Reports, 3(3), 207-213. doi: 10.1007/s11892-003-0065-2
Tran, H., Brunet, A., Grenier, J. M., Datta, S. R., Fornace Jr, A. J., DiStefano, P. S., . . . Greenberg, M. E. (2002). DNA repair pathway stimulated by the forkhead transcription factor FOXO3a through the Gadd45 protein. Science Signalling, 296(5567), 530.
Wan, R., Camandola, S., & Mattson, M. P. (2003). Intermittent food deprivation improves cardiovascular and neuroendocrine responses to stress in rats. J Nutr, 133(6), 1921-1929.
Weindruch, R., Kayo, T., Lee, C. K., & Prolla, T. A. (2002). Gene expression profiling of aging using DNA microarrays. Mechanisms of ageing and development, 123(2), 177-193.
Wong, G., Goldshmit, Y., & Turnley, A. M. (2004). Interferon-γ but not TNFα promotes neuronal differentiation and neurite outgrowth of murine adult neural stem cells. Experimental Neurology, 187(1), 171-177. doi: dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2004.01.009
Wood, J. G., Rogina, B., Lavu, S., Howitz, K., Helfand, S. L., Tatar, M., & Sinclair, D. (2004). Sirtuin activators mimic caloric restriction and delay ageing in metazoans. [10.1038/nature02789]. Nature, 430(7000), 686-689. doi: www.nature.com/nature/journal/v430/n7000/suppinfo/nature02789_S1.html
Wu, X., Motoshima, H., Mahadev, K., Stalker, T. J., Scalia, R., & Goldstein, B. J. (2003). Involvement of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase in Glucose Uptake Stimulated by the Globular Domain of Adiponectin in Primary Rat Adipocytes. Diabetes, 52(6), 1355-1363. doi: 10.2337/diabetes.52.6.1355
renegeration of dysfunctional cells, diabetes, heart disease, cancer,
immune system, activation of SIRT1 (linked to lonevity, around 2008
resveratrol was being pushed because of its link to SIRT1), protects cells
against harmful agents (cytoprotective), DNA repair through limitations of glycation
of some enzymes (damage), limits damage of free radicals, oxidization and glycation, anti aging,
and longevity.
Easy to read article, and references:
www.intermittentfaster.com/intermittent-fasting-science/
Anson, R. M., Guo, Z., de Cabo, R., Iyun, T., Rios, M., Hagepanos, A., . . . Mattson, M. P. (2003). Intermittent fasting dissociates beneficial effects of dietary restriction on glucose metabolism and neuronal resistance to injury from calorie intake. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 100(10), 6216-6220. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1035720100
Barzilai, N., & Gupta, G. (1999). Revisiting the Role of Fat Mass in the Life Extension Induced by Caloric Restriction. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 54(3), B89-B96. doi: 10.1093/gerona/54.3.B89
Bordone, L., & Guarente, L. (2005). Calorie restriction, SIRT1 and metabolism: understanding longevity. [10.1038/nrm1616]. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, 6(4), 298-305.
Brask, J., Kristensson, K., & Hill, R. H. (2004). Exposure to interferon-γ during synaptogenesis increases inhibitory activity after a latent period in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. European Journal of Neuroscience, 19(12), 3193-3201. doi: 10.1111/j.0953-816X.2004.03445.x
Cefalu, W. T., Bell-Farrow, A. D., Wang, Z. Q., Sonntag, W. E., Fu, M. X., Baynes, J. W., & Thorpe, S. R. (1995). Caloric restriction decreases age-dependent accumulation of the glycoxidation products, N epsilon-(carboxymethyl)lysine and pentosidine, in rat skin collagen. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 50(6), B337-341.
Cefalu, W. T., Wagner, J. D., Wang, Z. Q., Bell-Farrow, A. D., Collins, J., Haskell, D., . . . Morgan, T. (1997). A study of caloric restriction and cardiovascular aging in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis): a potential model for aging research. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 52(1), B10-19.
Cohen, H. Y., Miller, C., Bitterman, K. J., Wall, N. R., Hekking, B., Kessler, B., . . . Sinclair, D. A. (2004). Calorie Restriction Promotes Mammalian Cell Survival by Inducing the SIRT1 Deacetylase. Science, 305(5682), 390-392. doi: 10.1126/science.1099196
Colman, R. J., Anderson, R. M., Johnson, S. C., Kastman, E. K., Kosmatka, K. J., Beasley, T. M., . . . Weindruch, R. (2009). Caloric Restriction Delays Disease Onset and Mortality in Rhesus Monkeys. Science, 325(5937), 201-204. doi: 10.1126/science.1173635
Combs, T. P., Berg, A. H., Rajala, M. W., Klebanov, S., Iyengar, P., Jimenez-Chillaron, J. C., . . . Scherer, P. E. (2003). Sexual Differentiation, Pregnancy, Calorie Restriction, and Aging Affect the Adipocyte-Specific Secretory Protein Adiponectin. Diabetes, 52(2), 268-276. doi: 10.2337/diabetes.52.2.268
Culmsee, C., Monnig, J., Kemp, B., & Mattson, M. (2001). AMP-activated protein kinase is highly expressed in neurons in the developing rat brain and promotes neuronal survival following glucose deprivation. Journal of Molecular Neuroscience, 17(1), 45-58. doi: 10.1385/jmn:17:1:45
Dunn, S. E., Kari, F. W., French, J., Leininger, J. R., Travlos, G., Wilson, R., & Barrett, J. C. (1997). Dietary restriction reduces insulin-like growth factor I levels, which modulates apoptosis, cell proliferation, and tumor progression in p53-deficient mice. Cancer Res, 57(21), 4667-4672.
Feinstein, R., Kanety, H., Papa, M. Z., Lunenfeld, B., & Karasik, A. (1993). Tumor necrosis factor-alpha suppresses insulin-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor and its substrates. J Biol Chem, 268(35), 26055-26058.
Fontana, L., Meyer, T. E., Klein, S., & Holloszy, J. O. (2004). Long-term calorie restriction is highly effective in reducing the risk for atherosclerosis in humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 101(17), 6659-6663. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0308291101
Haigis, M. C., & Guarente, L. P. (2006). Mammalian sirtuins–emerging roles in physiology, aging, and calorie restriction. Genes Dev, 20(21), 2913-2921. doi: 10.1101/gad.1467506
Hall, G. a. (2010). Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology (12 ed.).
Kaeberlein, M., McVey, M., & Guarente, L. (1999). The SIR2/3/4 complex and SIR2 alone promote longevity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by two different mechanisms. Genes Dev, 13(19), 2570-2580.
Kashiwaya, Y., Takeshima, T., Mori, N., Nakashima, K., Clarke, K., & Veech, R. L. (2000). d-β-Hydroxybutyrate protects neurons in models of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 97(10), 5440-5444. doi: 10.1073/pnas.97.10.5440
Kayo, T., Allison, D. B., Weindruch, R., & Prolla, T. A. (2001). Influences of aging and caloric restriction on the transcriptional profile of skeletal muscle from rhesus monkeys. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 98(9), 5093-5098.
Kim, H.-J., Kim, K.-W., Yu, B.-P., & Chung, H.-Y. (2000). The effect of age on cyclooxygenase-2 gene expression: NF-κB activation and IκBα degradation. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 28(5), 683-692. doi: dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(99)00274-9
Kops, G. J. P. L., Dansen, T. B., Polderman, P. E., Saarloos, I., Wirtz, K. W. A., Coffer, P. J., . . . Burgering, B. M. T. (2002). Forkhead transcription factor FOXO3a protects quiescent cells from oxidative stress. Nature, 419, 316-321.
Lane, M. A., Ball, S. S., Ingram, D. K., Cutler, R. G., Engel, J., Read, V., & Roth, G. S. (1995). Diet restriction in rhesus monkeys lowers fasting and glucose-stimulated glucoregulatory end points. Am J Physiol, 268(5 Pt 1), E941-948.
Lee, C.-K., Weindruch, R., & Prolla, T. A. (2000). Gene-expression profile of the ageing brain in mice. [10.1038/77046]. Nat Genet, 25(3), 294-297.
Lee, J., Herman, J. P., & Mattson, M. P. (2000). Dietary Restriction Selectively Decreases Glucocorticoid Receptor Expression in the Hippocampus and Cerebral Cortex of Rats. Experimental Neurology, 166(2), 435-441. doi: dx.doi.org/10.1006/exnr.2000.7512
Lee, J., Kim, S. J., Son, T. G., Chan, S. L., & Mattson, M. P. (2006). Interferon-γ is up-regulated in the hippocampus in response to intermittent fasting and protects hippocampal neurons against excitotoxicity. Journal of Neuroscience Research, 83(8), 1552-1557. doi: 10.1002/jnr.20831
Lin, S.-J., Defossez, P.-A., & Guarente, L. (2000). Requirement of NAD and SIR2 for Life-Span Extension by Calorie Restriction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Science, 289(5487), 2126-2128. doi: 10.1126/science.289.5487.2126
Lin, S. J., Kaeberlein, M., Andalis, A. A., Sturtz, L. A., Defossez, P. A., Culotta, V. C., . . . Guarente, L. (2002). Calorie restriction extends Saccharomyces cerevisiae lifespan by increasing respiration. Nature, 418(6895), 344-348.
Martin, B., Mattson, M. P., & Maudsley, S. (2006). Caloric restriction and intermittent fasting: Two potential diets for successful brain aging. Ageing Research Reviews, 5(3), 332-353. doi: dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2006.04.002
Mascarucci, P., Taub, D., Saccani, S., Paloma, M. A., Dawson, H., Roth, G. S., . . . Ingram, D. K. (2002). Cytokine responses in young and old rhesus monkeys: effect of caloric restriction. J Interferon Cytokine Res, 22(5), 565-571. doi: 10.1089/10799900252982043
Mattison, J. A., Lane, M. A., Roth, G. S., & Ingram, D. K. (2003). Calorie restriction in rhesus monkeys. Experimental gerontology, 38(1-2), 35-46.
Meier, U., & Gressner, A. M. (2004). Endocrine Regulation of Energy Metabolism: Review of Pathobiochemical and Clinical Chemical Aspects of Leptin, Ghrelin, Adiponectin, and Resistin. Clinical Chemistry, 50(9), 1511-1525. doi: 10.1373/clinchem.2004.032482
Metoyer, C. F., & Pruitt, K. (2008). The role of sirtuin proteins in obesity. Pathophysiology, 15(2), 103-108. doi: dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pathophys.2008.04.002
Naik, G. (2012, August 30 2012). Big Calorie Cuts Don’t Equal Longer Life, Study Suggests, The Wall Street Journal.
Nakae, J., Kitamura, T., Silver, D. L., & Accili, D. (2001). The forkhead transcription factor Foxo1 (Fkhr) confers insulin sensitivity onto glucose-6-phosphatase expression. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 108(9), 1359-1378.
Nemoto, S., Fergusson, M. M., & Finkel, T. (2004). Nutrient Availability Regulates SIRT1 Through a Forkhead-Dependent Pathway. Science, 306(5704), 2105-2108. doi: 10.1126/science.1101731
Pajvani, U., & Scherer, P. (2003). Adiponectin: Systemic contributor to insulin sensitivity. Current Diabetes Reports, 3(3), 207-213. doi: 10.1007/s11892-003-0065-2
Tran, H., Brunet, A., Grenier, J. M., Datta, S. R., Fornace Jr, A. J., DiStefano, P. S., . . . Greenberg, M. E. (2002). DNA repair pathway stimulated by the forkhead transcription factor FOXO3a through the Gadd45 protein. Science Signalling, 296(5567), 530.
Wan, R., Camandola, S., & Mattson, M. P. (2003). Intermittent food deprivation improves cardiovascular and neuroendocrine responses to stress in rats. J Nutr, 133(6), 1921-1929.
Weindruch, R., Kayo, T., Lee, C. K., & Prolla, T. A. (2002). Gene expression profiling of aging using DNA microarrays. Mechanisms of ageing and development, 123(2), 177-193.
Wong, G., Goldshmit, Y., & Turnley, A. M. (2004). Interferon-γ but not TNFα promotes neuronal differentiation and neurite outgrowth of murine adult neural stem cells. Experimental Neurology, 187(1), 171-177. doi: dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2004.01.009
Wood, J. G., Rogina, B., Lavu, S., Howitz, K., Helfand, S. L., Tatar, M., & Sinclair, D. (2004). Sirtuin activators mimic caloric restriction and delay ageing in metazoans. [10.1038/nature02789]. Nature, 430(7000), 686-689. doi: www.nature.com/nature/journal/v430/n7000/suppinfo/nature02789_S1.html
Wu, X., Motoshima, H., Mahadev, K., Stalker, T. J., Scalia, R., & Goldstein, B. J. (2003). Involvement of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase in Glucose Uptake Stimulated by the Globular Domain of Adiponectin in Primary Rat Adipocytes. Diabetes, 52(6), 1355-1363. doi: 10.2337/diabetes.52.6.1355