Post by Admin on Sept 6, 2013 14:58:02 GMT -5
Significant number of suffer ADRs patients ocular toxicities
(unknowingly) from medications. Visual function
involves the central nervous system, and to date,
little is understood about oculotoxic drugs. Anti
malarials are known to cause significant rate of oculotoxicity,
which may last a life time. Not mentioned in this article,
some other drugs, such as bisphosphonates, topiramate, vigabatrin,
isotretinoin and other retinoids, amiodarone, ethambutol, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, tamoxifen, quetiapine, psychotropics,
cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitors, erectile dysfunction agents and some herbal medications. See www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17209665. Those who have evidence of
damage in the occipital lobe, often suffer delayed life long manifestation
of neuro-visual issues.
The article below discusses the more usual ocular toxicities.
Look up some of the medications mentioned in this article.
Excerpt below. Full article: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18217789Ocular toxicity by meds
"Drug Saf. 2008;31(2):127-41.
Drug-induced ocular disorders.
Li J, Tripathi RC, Tripathi BJ.
Source
Eye Clinic, VA Medical Center, Salem, VA, USA.
Abstract
The eyelids are most frequently involved in drug toxicity that commonly manifests as inflammation, hypersensitivity reaction or dermatitis. Drug-induced keratoconjunctival disorders present mainly as conjunctival hyperaemia (red eye), with or without superficial corneal involvement. Frequently, drug preservatives in topical ocular medications induce these adverse effects. Treatment of blepharospasm with Botox may lead to drooping of the eyelids and corneal exposure. Intraoperative floppy iris syndrome is a drug-induced reaction in patients treated with tamsulosin and who undergo cataract surgery. Certain sulfa-based drugs can cause swelling of the ciliary body and lead to the development of angle-closure glaucoma. In addition, adrenergic agents, certain beta(2)-adrenergic agonists and anticholinergic agents may induce pupillary dilation and precipitate angle-closure glaucoma in susceptible patients. Glucocorticoids administered systemically, topically or intravitreally are known to increase intraocular pressure, which can lead to the development of open-angle glaucoma in susceptible patients. This painless form of glaucoma has also been associated with the use of the anticancer agents docetaxel and paclitaxel. The toxic effects of systemic and topically applied drugs may manifest as cloudiness of the lens. Long-term use of glucocorticoids produces a characteristic posterior subcapsular cataract and, although the opacities may remain stationary or progress, they rarely regress upon drug withdrawal."
(unknowingly) from medications. Visual function
involves the central nervous system, and to date,
little is understood about oculotoxic drugs. Anti
malarials are known to cause significant rate of oculotoxicity,
which may last a life time. Not mentioned in this article,
some other drugs, such as bisphosphonates, topiramate, vigabatrin,
isotretinoin and other retinoids, amiodarone, ethambutol, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, tamoxifen, quetiapine, psychotropics,
cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitors, erectile dysfunction agents and some herbal medications. See www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17209665. Those who have evidence of
damage in the occipital lobe, often suffer delayed life long manifestation
of neuro-visual issues.
The article below discusses the more usual ocular toxicities.
Look up some of the medications mentioned in this article.
Excerpt below. Full article: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18217789Ocular toxicity by meds
"Drug Saf. 2008;31(2):127-41.
Drug-induced ocular disorders.
Li J, Tripathi RC, Tripathi BJ.
Source
Eye Clinic, VA Medical Center, Salem, VA, USA.
Abstract
The eyelids are most frequently involved in drug toxicity that commonly manifests as inflammation, hypersensitivity reaction or dermatitis. Drug-induced keratoconjunctival disorders present mainly as conjunctival hyperaemia (red eye), with or without superficial corneal involvement. Frequently, drug preservatives in topical ocular medications induce these adverse effects. Treatment of blepharospasm with Botox may lead to drooping of the eyelids and corneal exposure. Intraoperative floppy iris syndrome is a drug-induced reaction in patients treated with tamsulosin and who undergo cataract surgery. Certain sulfa-based drugs can cause swelling of the ciliary body and lead to the development of angle-closure glaucoma. In addition, adrenergic agents, certain beta(2)-adrenergic agonists and anticholinergic agents may induce pupillary dilation and precipitate angle-closure glaucoma in susceptible patients. Glucocorticoids administered systemically, topically or intravitreally are known to increase intraocular pressure, which can lead to the development of open-angle glaucoma in susceptible patients. This painless form of glaucoma has also been associated with the use of the anticancer agents docetaxel and paclitaxel. The toxic effects of systemic and topically applied drugs may manifest as cloudiness of the lens. Long-term use of glucocorticoids produces a characteristic posterior subcapsular cataract and, although the opacities may remain stationary or progress, they rarely regress upon drug withdrawal."