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Post by beebs on Feb 17, 2012 14:56:08 GMT -5
Abstract on the benefits of Carnitine: Carnitine derivatives: clinical usefulness Malaguarnera, Mariano Published Ahead-of-Print Collapse Box Abstract Purpose of review: Carnitine and its derivatives are natural substances involved in both carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. This review summarizes the recent progress in the field in relation to the molecular mechanisms. Recent findings: The pool of different carnitine derivatives is formed by acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC), propionyl-L-carnitine (PLC), and isovaleryl-carnitine. ALC may have a preferential effect on the brain tissue. ALC represents a compound of great interest for its wide clinical application in various neurological disorders: it may be of benefit in treating Alzheimer's dementia, depression in the elderly, HIV infection, chronic fatigue syndrome, peripheral neuropathies, ischemia and reperfusion of the brain, and cognitive impairment associated with various conditions. PLC has been demonstrated to replenish the intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle by the propionyl-CoA moiety, a greater affinity for the sarcolemmal carrier, peripheral vasodilator activity, a greater positive inotropism, and more rapid entry into myocytes. Most studies of the therapeutic use of PLC are focused on the prevention and treatment of ischemic heart disease, congestive heart failure, hypertrophic heart disease, and peripheral arterial disease. ALC and PLC are considered well tolerated without significant side-effects. Summary: A number of therapeutic effects possibly come from the interaction of carnitine and its derivatives with the elements of cellular membranes. journals.lww.com/co-gastroenterology/Abstract/publishahead/Carnitine_derivatives___clinical_usefulness.99752.aspx
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Post by beebs on Feb 17, 2012 17:26:52 GMT -5
Adding to the above post, Carnitine for mitochondria, and arrythmias. Check out PubMed.
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Post by beebs on Feb 17, 2012 18:28:48 GMT -5
Read the whole paper, about Carnitine. I was curious about the hypo for improving brain function.
A summary of the paper, but do your homework.
I took L-Carnitine on/off, beneficial during, stopped because of allergies, helped with neuropathy, cognition, arrythmia, heart function, energy, as well as mitochondria dysfunction.
Stoppped over a year ago. Energy level decreased, cognition dysfucntion relapsed, heart dysfunction the same, arrythmias on/off but much less when on it. Read a paper on PubMed that when taking LC, helps with arrythmias, and prevents further damage during a heart attack.
Helps with mitochondria and conversion of ketones to energy.
Removes toxic fatty Acyl-CoA, inhibits apoptosis, and helps with bone marrow.
Anti-radical, protects against oxidization, increases ATP.
Prevetns ahterosclerosis, endolethial cells dysfunction and improves cardiac function.
Improves insulin resistance.
Helps with ischemia, and myocardial infarct associated function.
ALC helps with uptake of Acyl-CoA in mito during during fatty acid oxidization,
Prevents neuronal death by enhancing acetycholine production and by stimulating protein and phopholipids synthesis, to provide a substrate reservoir for cellular production.
Helps repair neuronal energetics and mechanism - modifying acetylcholine production in the CNS. Am not sure what they mean by "modifying"
ALC shows cholinomimetic effects (helps with nerve transmission in CNS). May promote acetycholine synsthesis/release. Neuroprotective and protects against oxidative stress and protects or halts neuronal death. Studies were conducted on Alzheimers patients.
Cognition caused by Severe hepatic encephalopathy.
Oxidative stress at mito level.
Reduces depression and anxiety.
Cognitive function, info processing, attention, memory etc..
Neuropathy and nerve fiber regeneration.
Sperm motility. Reduces penile curvature and
Proponyl-L Carnitine
Arterial vascular disease
Helps with krebs cycle during hypxia
Congestive heart failure, ischemia and erectile dysfunction.
Angina, helped during EKGs showing ST-segment.
Isovalery-L Carnitine
Increase phagocytes + cell killing
Potential to modulate proliferation and differentiation of human osteoblasts in vitro through involvement of insulin like growth faction (IGFs) and IGF biding protein.
Patano et al (1998) = beneficial on trabecular bone mass, in hypocalcemia diet induced osteoporosis.
Thyroid hormone action (complicated, read up on it).
May decrease bone loss. Colucci et al (1997)
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